Beta-lactams exhibit time-dependent killing, meaning that efficacy depends on the amount of time the drug concentration is above the MIC. No beta-lactam has activity vs MRSA (except Ceftaroline), and none have activity vs atypical intracellular organisms (i.e. 
Most oral beta-lactams have poor bioavailability and achieve low serum concentrations, making them poor choices for serious or deep seated infections (Amoxicillin has the best bioavailability). As a general rule, if pathogen is susceptible and patient non-allergic, beta-lactams are the preferred drug for most situations due to high efficacy and cidal nature. Main side effects: Hypersensitivity reactions including anaphylaxis, Rashes, Bone marrow suppression, Interstitial Nephritis, GI (nausea, diarrhea, and C.diff) interstitial nephritis, GI (nausea, diarrhea, and C.diff), seizures (mainly with high doses in renal failure). Cell wall inhibitors: bind PBPs (Penicillin-binding proteins) in cell membrane and inhibit cell wall crosslinking -> bactericidal. BETA-LACTAMS = PCNs, Cephalosporins, Carbapenems, Monobactam(Aztreonam) Last Tidbit: Very common antibiotic regimen = VANCOMYCIN / ZOSYN 
RIFAMYCINS – include Rifampin, Rifaximin, Rifapentine, Rifabutin.
Urinary Tract Infection-Specfic Antibiotics "SUPER GRAM NEGATIVE ANTIBIOTICS" THAT COVER PSEUDOMONAS
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